Subject of the article

Authors

Jumayev M.M.

Institution

Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino, Bukhara, Uzbekistan

Abstract

Temporomandibular dysfunctions (TMD) are painful clinical syndromes characterized by functional disorders of the jaw joint and the surrounding muscles. They are most frequently observed in young adults, particularly among individuals aged 25–30. This article presents a comparative analysis of the epidemiology, risk factors, and symptomatic manifestations of TMD based on clinical studies conducted in three different regions (Saudi Arabia, Finland, and Turkey). The article also examines the status of this issue within the context of Uzbekistan, highlighting regional differences in terms of available treatment practices, diagnostic capabilities, and the scope of dental care. The article includes modern theoretical approaches based on the scientific perspectives of renowned dental researchers such as Gilles J. Lavigne (on the rela tionship between TMD and sleep bruxism), Rüdiger Emshoff (on visual diagnostics and ultrasound methods), and James Q. Swift (on multidisciplinary treatment approaches). Due to the limited availability of epidemio logical data on TMD in Uzbekistan, the article offers analytical observations based on the available limited clinical data and student-based observations. The aim of this article is to compare the prevalence of TMD on both international and local (Uzbekistan) levels, to define the pathology using up-to-date scientific sources, and to propose effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. The analysis highlights psychological stress, parafunctional habits, bruxism, and incorrect sleeping postures as contributing factors to the development of TMD. Furthermore, the article provides recommendations essential for improving dental services in Uzbeki stan.

Key words

temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD); bruxism; psychological stress; epidemiology; dentistry; diagnostics; multidisciplinary treatment.

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